__
Thanks to Mr. Mermilliod (Geneve ) for a kind of confirm of the existence of k1 and k2 , thanks to Mr. Arp (Germany ) for a kind of confirm around the positive effect of temperature over the rad vel , thanks to Mr. Turishev (JPL-NASA ) for a kind of confirm around the behevior of Pioneer...
5. Interposed galaxies produce effect over the redshift .
I don't well remenber where i read that galaxies ( or more probably , galaxies cluster ) visually interposed to other celestial objects , give an increase of about 2.000 km/s to the rad vel of that last-ones, it was in a paper of an astronomer with a name like De Coupertin or Le Valentier ...( i hope that some reader can help my memory ).. it is important to note that the crossing work gives an effect undistinguishable from an increasement of rad vel .
6. The problem of ' dark missing matter ' is again without solution .
The missing matter 's problem seems to coincide with a special reading of the redshift..:, in the solar system we can exclude dark matter ( the rotation times of planets anwer to the Newton low with a very higth precision ..; in our galaxy somebody think that the dark matter is around 20 % ..; in the remote galaxies ( hight redshifts ) they extimate the missing matter to be 98 %...; the Alfven plasma's theories (expecially presented by Lerner ) can help much to explain , also if they don't propose the final hipothesis : all is turning because is emitting ligth , which crossing the space is doing electricity , consequent rotation and condensation..( remenber like in the galaxies , the orbital vel is depending from the luminousity , in the stars from the temperature ! ) .. if we observe a very far galaxies cluster , their proper motus are discordant from the anomal increase of the distance , calculated with the redshift , so much to presume an exaggerate missing matter..
7. Some quasars seem to be near to galaxies and proportional to the distance .
The book ' Fisica senza dogmi ', F. Selleri, reports :'' Of course it is possible that casually a quasar is apparently near to a galaxy for prospect reasons , also if the galaxy is near ( low z - redshift ) and the quasar very far ( higth z ) . But the point is that this associations are very frequent and bigger is the galaxy distance , less the angular distance between galaxy and quasar , as if we see the similar pair to different distance ..'' . The big astronomer Arp published many similar examples ; he thinks that the probability to be only a case is 10^-15 .
8. Some associated galaxies have different redshift .
Again from the book ' Fisica senza dogma ' we read :''Many giant galaxies have small companions phisically jointed .. sometime ( not always ) the redshift of the smaller galaxy is remarkably bigger than the main galaxy.. also 10 times ..today we know 38 examples of companions with z disaccording from 24 main galaxies. ''
9. The dominant galaxies have lower redshifts .
This fact resumes and reinforces the precedent case . The galaxies have the tendency to do geometrically groups and in every group there is a dominant galaxy bigger and more luminous..; in the groups the lower value of redshift is that of the dominant- one.. ; in our local group , Andromeda , the dominant- one has the ligth directly moved untill the blue ..: why the dominant galaxies should have a redshift ( read : escape by big bang ) inferior than the associated-ones ?
10. Some astronomers measure the quantization in the galaxies clusters and in the associations of quasars.
In the year 1968 Burbidge observed that there was a hight number of quasars with z = 1,95 and 0,60 ; in 1977 Karlsson showed that the peaks was obeing to a formula jointed to the log.(1+z) : they were quantized ; other astronomers (Arp ) confirmed that observations and also between the galaxies ' components was found a small quantization ..; very difficult a quantization should be explained at the interior of a bigbang theory .
11. The mistery of the Pioneer 's acceleration .
( refer to 'Study of the anomalous acceleration
of Pioneer 10 and 11' , author Slava G. Turyshev) .
The Pioneer 10 and 11 were launched more than 20 years ago for
finishing in the deep space beyond the solar system ;
after some years it begins to grow an anomalie between the
position calculated using the time go-and-back of the
calibrated signals and that-one calculated with the
frequency 's changement of the same signals...
The frequencies were keepping an anomaly's escape of
8,5 *10^-8 cm/s*s : just like to the Hubble constant ,
which is 25 but relative to km/s * million of years-ligth .
They have examinated all the possible reasons without success
(the report excludes the existence of dark matters, influencing
also the effemerides, of more than one percent and quantifies the lost of
frequency in 1,5 Hz per 8 years );
the anomaly is extending to all very far rockets .
We conclude that every electromagnetic propagation in the deep space
keeps the H constant ( like a degeneration of the frequency caused
by the space crossing ) and that a bigbang theory is not
compatible with the apparent expansion of H comprehending
also our local galaxies ' system , our galaxy ,our galaxy's arm ,
our solar system , more and more differentiated by the temperature.
Or rephrasing : the anomal acceleration 's story of the Pioneer 10 has
teached that all the far rockets ( objects ) seem to have two positions :
one nearer ( given from the time go-and-back of our calibrated signals ) and
a second-one , farer ( given from a misterious loss of frequency over our
calibrated signals ( minus 1,5 Hz every 8 years )). If we consider good the
second position , the first-one can be interpreted like an acceleration
toward the sun ( irresolvible ! )... if we consider good the first position
, the second-one seems an escape with the exact value of the H constant ( an
insubstantial expansion of big-bang ! )
... we , amateurs , almost have no
interpretative doubts untill to foresee that the Pioneer ( with his jump in
the vacuum space , with his Amletic two positions proposed like a mistery
along 20 years and translated rightly in science ) will produce an epic
increasement of the knowledges and the progress.
e. Anomaly in rad vel of stars' systems .
The bigger part of the consulted experts is agreeing that the dwarf stars have a positive anomaly in the rad vel ; someone of them are admitting same thing also for the warm stars and the red giants : it is clear that , when that stars are in multiple systems , their rad vel shall be higher than that-one of the system..: it can be that we have also already checked cases ( maybe in Sirius system ? ) , surely in future with patience measures ..; it is also probable that this kind of researches clarifies the effects k1 and k2 and perhaps the distance' s effect over the shifts...
f. Same anomaly in rad vel of openclusters .
The open clusters keep inside warm stars and we can consider their components almost at the same distance from us ... For having measurable effects in the statistics , the open clusters should be a little far and have a big number of warm stars... : in the Plejades ( 420 y.l. , we take away the stars + or - 20 km/s rad vel ) the 19 B stars have a average rad vel of + 5,25 ; the other colder-ones have an average + 4,33 , therefore also quantitatively fallowing the proposed formula .
g. Same anomaly in rad vel of warm stars in near galaxies ..
We read the research "Radial velocities of late type stars in the LMC" in CDS of Strasburg (ref. number 1985A&AS...62...23P). Also if the research was pointed over other targets , it seems clear like they observed that the OBA stars ( warmer than the FG ) had a rad vel 'systematically ' bigger than 6 km/s from the other-ones , so much to be considered ''anomalous'' also in the previous studies .
h. In the galaxies clusters , anomalies of the active galaxies .
We refer to the Zasov' s research (1985) "Low-luminousity blue galaxies in the Virgo cluster : where are they positioned ?" . The title remarks the anomaly in the rad vel for the blue galaxies ( higth temperature ) ; in the text some of them are excluded from the Virgo cluster because their redshifts positioned them to a distance 5 time bigger than the other-ones ..; that research opens an other discussion over the tie distance-redshift and stimulates the necessity of a study around the k1 and k2 present also in the galaxies , analizating the influence of gas and powders...
i. Other previsions around Pioneer .
The Pioneer 's anomaly ( a shift of frequency common to all very far rockets ) begins from a distance of around 10 UA and goes rapidly ( 3 UA ) to the value of the Hubble constant ; yearly there is a ritmic changement ( almost 10 % ) and also daily ( very small ) ..: doing a parallel with the point 5 , we could foresee small changement depending from the spatial direction of launching ( in relation to a bigger or smaller interposition of the interior solar system ).
Or rephrasing : the research named to the point 11.) , pages 68 and 69 , shows two graphics compatible with the k1 and k2 ( yearly , dayly and as a background ) . In fact the interior solar sistem is in the month of November rigthly interposed to the star Aldebaran ( the direction of the Pioneer 10 ) causing the maximum excursion of the annual residuals.
j. In the far galaxies clusters, bigger difference in the components ' shifts.
We support that the distance and the temperature increase the redshift ( fallowing the proposed formula ): without that solution , it is necessary to invent the dark matter for resolving the gravitational problems ... Our solar system has not ' missing matter ' : the gravitational low of Newton drives exactly the planets' times also after many years . Our galaxy should have (?) a 20 % of dark missing matter . For the very far galaxies somebody speaks of 98 % of dark matter . Also the Alfven plasmadinamic 's theory giustifies in an interesting way the anomalies : it is probable that the truth is an integration between Alfven and bbamateur' proposition .
k. Interaction of coherent light in plasma' movement .
In the vacuum space, almost plasma and coherent light is existing ...Easily we can get interference with two paths having different ionic concentration.. We can also check electric or mechanic migration for reaching formulations, which are transferible in the spatial vacuum... It is probable that in some laboratory's experiment we had or shall have confirm to the proposed formula (personally realised experiments showed that the RAMAN effect can give a frequency collapse, redshift-like, and a strong emission of low temperature waves (Cosmic Background Microwave): see also "autostructured light", "cosmic observation" and "chained wave" in http://www.bbamateur.blogspot.com ).
BACK
